{"id":107261,"date":"2019-03-15T11:30:42","date_gmt":"2019-03-15T18:30:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ec2-34-221-119-146.us-west-2.compute.amazonaws.com\/polarization-explained-sony-polarized-sensor-2\/"},"modified":"2022-04-07T09:52:39","modified_gmt":"2022-04-07T16:52:39","slug":"polarization-explained-sony-polarized-sensor-2","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/thinklucid.com\/ja\/polarization-explained-sony-polarized-sensor-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Polarization Explained: The Sony Polarized Sensor"},"content":{"rendered":"

[vc_row][vc_column offset=”vc_hidden-xs”][rev_slider_vc alias=”polarization”][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner offset=”vc_col-lg-offset-2 vc_col-lg-6 vc_col-md-8 vc_col-xs-12″][vc_raw_html]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[\/vc_raw_html][vc_custom_heading text=”Polarization – A Property of Light” use_theme_fonts=”yes” el_id=”overview”][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n

In many industrial applications where visual inspection can be challenging due to low contrast or highly reflective imaging conditions, polarized cameras can help to uncover hidden material properties and provide visual clarity over standard color and mono cameras.<\/h3>\n

[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=”.vc_custom_1544478852323{margin-top: 15px !important;margin-bottom: 40px !important;}”]Application engineers can take advantage of polarization cameras by filtering unwanted reflection or glare as well as enhancing contrast by colorizing polarized angles of light. Different materials used in products can reflect and alter the properties in light. Whereas normal colour and mono sensors detect the intensity and the wavelength of incoming light, the special polarized sensors used inside polarization cameras can detect and filter angles of polarization from light reflected, refracted, or scattered off surfaces. To understand some of the benefits our Phoenix and Triton polarized cameras using Sony\u2019s polarization technology, called Polarsens\u2122, let us first expand on what polarized light is.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner css=”.vc_custom_1503354487300{margin-top: 10px !important;padding-right: 25px !important;padding-bottom: 10px !important;padding-left: 25px !important;}” offset=”vc_col-lg-3 vc_col-md-4 vc_col-xs-12″][vc_custom_heading text=”Table of Contents” font_container=”tag:h2|font_size:18px|text_align:left” google_fonts=”font_family:Exo%3A100%2C100italic%2C200%2C200italic%2C300%2C300italic%2Cregular%2Citalic%2C500%2C500italic%2C600%2C600italic%2C700%2C700italic%2C800%2C800italic%2C900%2C900italic|font_style:500%20bold%20regular%3A500%3Anormal” css_animation=”none” css=”.vc_custom_1501780592576{padding-top: 35px !important;}”][vc_column_text css_animation=”none” css=”.vc_custom_1542674881629{margin-left: 15px !important;border-left-width: 2px !important;padding-right: 5px !important;padding-bottom: 15px !important;padding-left: 15px !important;border-left-color: #1e73be !important;border-left-style: dotted !important;}” el_class=”top-menu”]Polarization – A Property of Light<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Good Vibrations: Unpolarized to Polarized<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Polarization From Polarizers<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Polarization From Reflection<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Polarization From Refraction<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Taking Advantage of Polarization<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Existing Polarization Solutions<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Polarsens: How Sony’s Polarized Sensor Works<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Extinction Ratios<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Phoenix & Triton with IMX250MZR\/MYR CMOS <\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Video Presentation – Adding a New Perspective to Industrial Imaging<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

More Polarization Resources <\/span><\/a>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row full_width=”stretch_row”][vc_column offset=”vc_col-lg-offset-2 vc_col-lg-8 vc_col-md-offset-0 vc_col-md-12 vc_col-sm-offset-0 vc_col-xs-12″][vc_empty_space height=”5px” el_id=”vibration”][vc_custom_heading text=”Good Vibrations: Unpolarized to Polarized” font_container=”tag:h2|text_align:center” use_theme_fonts=”yes”][vc_column_text]Polarization is a fundamental property of light and describes the direction in which the electric field of light oscillates. The majority of light sources, such as the sun, emit unpolarized light. Unpolarized light has vibrations at randomly oriented directions perpendicular to the direction of travel. For light to be polarized randomly oriented vibrations are removed or transformed into either a linear, circular or elliptical electromagnetic wave. For the examples below, we will only discuss how unpolarized light is linearly polarized.[\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space height=”5px” el_id=”polarizers”][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row full_width=”stretch_row”][vc_column width=”1\/4″ offset=”vc_col-lg-offset-0 vc_col-lg-2 vc_col-md-offset-0 vc_col-md-3 vc_col-sm-offset-0 vc_col-xs-offset-1 vc_col-xs-10″][vc_icon type=”openiconic” icon_openiconic=”vc-oi vc-oi-attach” align=”right” css_animation=”fadeIn” css=”.vc_custom_1501096698900{margin-bottom: 0px !important;}”][vc_custom_heading text=”Side Note” font_container=”tag:h2|font_size:18px|text_align:right” google_fonts=”font_family:Exo%3A100%2C100italic%2C200%2C200italic%2C300%2C300italic%2Cregular%2Citalic%2C500%2C500italic%2C600%2C600italic%2C700%2C700italic%2C800%2C800italic%2C900%2C900italic|font_style:600%20bold%20regular%3A600%3Anormal” css_animation=”bottom-to-top” css=”.vc_custom_1502387496625{margin-top: 0px !important;margin-bottom: 9px !important;}”][vc_column_text css_animation=”bottom-to-top” css=”.vc_custom_1517431771096{margin-right: 25px !important;border-right-width: 2px !important;padding-top: 5px !important;padding-right: 15px !important;padding-left: 5px !important;border-right-color: #1e73be !important;border-right-style: dotted !important;}”]<\/p>\n

While incoming light with polarized angles perpendicular to the polarizer plane will be blocked, other polarized angles will instead be transformed into a lesser magnitude polarized wavelength. In the example below angled light is not blocked out but instead transformed to lesser magnitude linear polarized light.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

[\/vc_column_text][vc_single_image image=”9863″ img_size=”250×250″ alignment=”center” css_animation=”bottom-to-top”][\/vc_column][vc_column width=”3\/4″ offset=”vc_col-lg-offset-0 vc_col-lg-8 vc_col-md-9 vc_col-xs-12″][vc_custom_heading text=”Polarization from Polarizers” font_container=”tag:h2|font_size:24px|text_align:center” use_theme_fonts=”yes” css=”.vc_custom_1517430689819{margin-bottom: 15px !important;}”][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n

When this light hits a linear polarizer, such as the vertical and horizontal polarizers in the example below, the angled vibrations are filtered out with only vertical or horizontal vibrations passing through. When light vibration is restricted to one plane it is called linearly polarized. There are different types of polarizers with the most common ones being crystalline, dichroic, film, and wire-grids.<\/p>\n

[\/vc_column_text][vc_single_image image=”9860″ img_size=”1000×450″ alignment=”center”][vc_column_text el_class=”caption-pregius” css=”.vc_custom_1520025376563{padding-right: 50px !important;padding-left: 50px !important;}”]<\/p>\n

\n

Above: Example of Vertical and Horizontal Polarizers
\nNote:\u00a0In the example above the line patterns on the film polarizers represent their polarizing angles and not physical wire-grid lines<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

[\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space height=”40px”][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row full_width=”stretch_row”][vc_column width=”5\/6″ offset=”vc_col-lg-offset-2 vc_col-lg-4 vc_col-md-offset-1 vc_col-md-8 vc_col-sm-offset-2 vc_col-xs-12″][vc_empty_space height=”1px” el_id=”reflection”][vc_custom_heading text=”Polarization from Reflection” font_container=”tag:h2|font_size:24px|text_align:center” use_theme_fonts=”yes” css=”.vc_custom_1517430757265{margin-bottom: 15px !important;}”][vc_column_text]Unpolarized light can be polarized through surface reflection of non-metallic surfaces. Metallic surfaces reflect\u00a0the polarization of the incident light, either polarized or unpolarized and do not significantly polarize. Other materials such as semi transparent surfaces of glass, plastics, and water reflect and polarize a certain amount of light back into the environment. This reflected light causes undesirable glare depending on the position of the user or camera. However, because the reflected light is polarized perpendicularly to the plane of incidence, it can be removed by using a polarizer aligned parallel to the plane of incidence.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=”1\/2″ offset=”vc_col-lg-offset-0 vc_col-lg-4 vc_col-md-offset-0 vc_col-md-3 vc_col-sm-offset-3 vc_col-xs-12″][vc_empty_space height=”1px” el_id=”refraction”][vc_custom_heading text=”Polarization from Refraction” font_container=”tag:h2|font_size:24px|text_align:center” use_theme_fonts=”yes” css=”.vc_custom_1517430780075{margin-bottom: 15px !important;}”][vc_column_text]The passing of light through one medium to another, known as refraction, can also cause some of the unpolarized light to become polarized. The amount of light that is polarized from refraction depends on how near or far it is from Brewster’s angle (a 90\u00b0 relationship between the reflected and refracted\u00a0 light). Transparent materials such as glass, plastics, and water can partially polarize refracted light to the plane of incidence.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row full_width=”stretch_row”][vc_column width=”5\/6″ offset=”vc_col-lg-offset-2 vc_col-lg-8 vc_col-md-offset-1 vc_col-md-8 vc_col-sm-offset-2 vc_col-xs-12″ css=”.vc_custom_1517430865431{margin-bottom: 30px !important;}”][vc_single_image image=”9247″ img_size=”1000×750″ alignment=”center”][vc_column_text el_class=”caption-pregius”]<\/p>\n

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Above: Unpolarized Light Becoming Polarized by Reflection<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=”1\/2″ offset=”vc_col-lg-offset-0 vc_col-lg-2 vc_col-md-offset-0 vc_col-md-3 vc_col-sm-offset-3 vc_col-xs-offset-1 vc_col-xs-10″][vc_icon type=”openiconic” icon_openiconic=”vc-oi vc-oi-attach” css_animation=”fadeIn” css=”.vc_custom_1501096709235{margin-bottom: 0px !important;}”][vc_custom_heading text=”Side Note” font_container=”tag:h2|font_size:18px|text_align:left” google_fonts=”font_family:Exo%3A100%2C100italic%2C200%2C200italic%2C300%2C300italic%2Cregular%2Citalic%2C500%2C500italic%2C600%2C600italic%2C700%2C700italic%2C800%2C800italic%2C900%2C900italic|font_style:600%20bold%20regular%3A600%3Anormal” css_animation=”bottom-to-top” css=”.vc_custom_1502387545990{margin-top: 0px !important;margin-bottom: 9px !important;}”][vc_column_text css_animation=”bottom-to-top” css=”.vc_custom_1517431880767{margin-left: 25px !important;border-left-width: 2px !important;padding-top: 15px !important;padding-right: 5px !important;padding-bottom: 5px !important;padding-left: 15px !important;border-left-color: #1e73be !important;border-left-style: dotted !important;}”]<\/p>\n

If a beam of unpolarized light (a) strikes a surface so that there is a 90\u00b0 angle between the reflected (b) and refracted beams (c), the reflected beam will be linearly polarized. The refracted beam will be partially polarized. The angle of incidence where the reflected and refracted beams are perpendicular to each other is known as the Brewster angle.<\/span><\/p>\n

[\/vc_column_text][vc_single_image image=”9262″ img_size=”large” alignment=”center” css_animation=”bottom-to-top”][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row full_width=”stretch_row”][vc_column offset=”vc_col-lg-offset-2 vc_col-lg-8 vc_col-xs-12″][vc_empty_space height=”40px” el_id=”advantage”][vc_custom_heading text=”Taking Advantage of Polarization” font_container=”tag:h2|text_align:center” use_theme_fonts=”yes”][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n

The applications of polarization have long been used in machine vision inspection to detect stress, inspect objects, and reduce glare from transparent objects. The typical setup would require one or more external polarizer plates between the target object, light source and camera. Various setups can be used to\u00a0measure material stress, enhance contrast, and analyze surface quality for dents or scratches.<\/p>\n

[\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space height=”50px”][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column css_animation=”fadeInLeft” width=”1\/3″ offset=”vc_col-lg-offset-3 vc_col-lg-2 vc_col-md-offset-3 vc_col-md-8 vc_col-sm-offset-3 vc_col-xs-12″][vc_single_image image=”9105″ img_size=”large” css=”.vc_custom_1517273388736{margin-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_column_text el_class=”caption-pregius”]<\/p>\n

Stress Inspection<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

When polarized light passes through transparent materials, the incoming angle of polarized light will be transformed to a different angle by different areas of stress in the object. By assigning a color to specific angles of polarization, defects and areas of stress can be visualized. The above object shows a colorized image of a clear acrylic block.<\/p>\n

[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column css_animation=”fadeInDown” width=”1\/3″ offset=”vc_col-lg-offset-0 vc_col-lg-2 vc_col-md-offset-3 vc_col-md-8 vc_col-sm-offset-3 vc_col-xs-12″][vc_single_image image=”9177″ img_size=”large” alignment=”center” css=”.vc_custom_1517273381965{margin-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_column_text el_class=”caption-pregius”]<\/p>\n

Reduce Reflection<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Objects can reflect light and make it difficult for surface inspecting. Food inspection applications can benefit from the use of polarizers by reducing reflection and glare. In the image above, polarized reflected light is removed from the pepper.<\/p>\n

[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column css_animation=”fadeInUp” width=”1\/3″ offset=”vc_col-lg-offset-0 vc_col-lg-2 vc_col-md-offset-3 vc_col-md-8 vc_col-sm-offset-3 vc_col-xs-12″][vc_single_image image=”9288″ img_size=”large” alignment=”center” css=”.vc_custom_1517434291906{margin-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_column_text el_class=”caption-pregius”]<\/p>\n

Improving Contrast<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

In low light situations, contrast can be improved by detecting the angle of polarization off objects. The above example demonstrates how contrast is improved from regular imaging in low light.<\/p>\n

[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row css=”.vc_custom_1527879072214{margin-top: 50px !important;}”][vc_column css_animation=”fadeInLeft” width=”1\/2″ offset=”vc_col-lg-offset-3 vc_col-lg-3 vc_col-md-offset-3 vc_col-md-8 vc_col-sm-offset-3 vc_col-xs-12″][vc_single_image image=”11287″ img_size=”500x347px” alignment=”center” css=”.vc_custom_1527879447301{margin-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_column_text el_class=”caption-pregius”]<\/p>\n

Scratch Inspection<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Similar to stress inspection, certain imperfections and scratches can be difficult to identify using conventional imaging. To help identify surface defects, polarized imaging can be used to detect scratches on transparent materials.<\/p>\n

[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column css_animation=”fadeInRight” width=”1\/2″ offset=”vc_col-lg-offset-0 vc_col-lg-3 vc_col-md-offset-3 vc_col-md-8 vc_col-sm-offset-3 vc_col-xs-12″][vc_single_image image=”11284″ img_size=”500x347px” alignment=”center” css=”.vc_custom_1527879191174{margin-bottom: 25px !important;}”][vc_column_text el_class=”caption-pregius”]<\/p>\n

Object Detection<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

In some scenarios it can be hard to distinguish objects from their environments. Using polarized imaging can locate objects by detecting the unique polarized angle of reflected light from the object.<\/p>\n

[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row full_width=”stretch_row” el_id=”Existing”][vc_column width=”5\/6″ offset=”vc_col-lg-offset-1 vc_col-lg-10 vc_col-md-offset-2 vc_col-md-8 vc_col-sm-offset-1 vc_col-xs-12″][vc_empty_space height=”50px”][vc_separator style=”double”][vc_custom_heading text=”Existing Polarization Solutions” font_container=”tag:h2|text_align:center” use_theme_fonts=”yes”]\n\t\t\t\t

<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/sr7-adjuster>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t3 \u679a\u306e\u504f\u5149\u677f
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<\/sr7-txt>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0 3<\/sr7-txt>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t1 \u53f0\u306e Phoenix \u307e\u305f\u306f Triton \u30ab\u30e1\u30e9
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